One of the best open-source tools out there. I'm a frequent user of Plex, Jellyfin, Tunarr, local music files, etc. I use it weekly to extract subtitles, trim videos, convert music formats, and remove audio tracks. After writing the previous paragraph, I realized I've never donated to the project; it's time to change that.
The FATE regression test suite improvements are the part I'm most interested in here. FFmpeg's test coverage has historically been pretty sparse for edge cases — things like seeking in fragmented MP4s or specific codec interactions. More automated regression testing means fewer 'works on my machine' surprises when upgrading between versions in CI pipelines. The new filter graph syntax changes are going to break some scripts though; already saw a few people in the issue tracker hit the deprecated options.
I've had great results using JPEG-XS to transport video for colour grading in feature film & TV post production. At 3:1 or 4:1 compression ratio is effectively lossless.
It is patent-encumbered though, you have to pay license fees to deploy it.
Isn't the point of JPEG to have lossy compression for your photos that still looks fine? As opposed to something like PNG, which has lossless compression
"JPEG" is short for Joint Photographic Experts Group, an ISO/ITU group that creates a lot of imaging standards. The JPEG image format you're thinking of is only one of the formats they've created.
The Joint Photographic Experts Group manages many standards, generally each called "JPEG [something]". The one we most commonly call "JPEG" is just one of them.
Reading that it looks like the point of JPEG-XS is to have near-lossless compression for raw photo and video data while having extremely high throughput.
We use JXS when latency is critical. Most h24/265 decodes will have a 10 frame glass-glass delay, JXS drops that to 3 or 4, at a cost of bandwidth (our UHD jxs streams are 1.5gbit rather than 200mbit for hevc)
Yeah, we've been deploying JPEG-XS for high bitrate streaming for a while.
A lot of our customers are moving their grading systems into data centres and streaming the images over IP back to their grading suites.
I've got it down to less than 1 frame for encode-transport-decode, but you've still got to copy the image to an SDI card and wait for that to clock out.
> gfxcapture: Windows.Graphics.Capture based window/monitor capture
> This source provides low overhead capture of application windows or entire monitors. The filter outputs hardware frames in d3d11 format; use hwdownload,format= if system memory frames are required.
This would strongly alter my plans if I were to develop an OSS Discord alternative. Chromium originally looked like a better core to start with largely due to its mature screen capture API. WebRTC is the other big thing, but there are other ways to do that. Native desktop apps (i.e., not browser based) are beginning to look much more compelling to me now.
For anyone vaguely familiar with ffmpeg, don't sleep on this video. Quite funny, and everything from `yadif` (which I dealt with today!) to mkvtoolnix to "But then it will explode if you have an apostrophe in your file name. Because it doesn't understand that."
Building ffmpeg itself from source is actually quite easy.
The hardest part IMO is getting the necessary codecs to work; this can take a little while. If you know what audio and video codecs you want and need, and if you get them installed properly, then compiling ffmpeg is really simple and straightforward. It works almost always for me, and I have compiled ffmpeg from source for like +10 or even +15 years.
For reference purposes, my current configure options are:
Probably more codecs could be added, and some options may not be necessary anymore (I changed this last ... years ago, too), but this works for the most part fairly well.
One focus I have is mostly on a few .mp4 files, and for these I think you kind of want x264 x265 and so forth (I think one more codec from google too or so). But it is really quite trivial once you are past the codecs step. You can also start simple with just a few codecs, e. g. one good audio codec and one good video codec. One reason I like to have ffmpeg support many codecs is so I can use mpv, which in itself is really awesome; I like it more than vlc, which is also ok though.
getting the stock ffmpeg to compile/build might be "easy", but once you start adding on additional codecs and other features that get you into dependency nightmares "easy" is not the word I would use. I have not been able to use the stock ffmpeg since forever. for example, i see no openssl enabled in your config. I see no freetype. I see you've disabled openjpeg. clearly, you and i use ffmpeg differently which just goes to show your "easy" is very misleading
FFmpeg is really great. The only wish I'd have is for the usage to become simpler - both for regular stuff, but also for advanced filtering.
If anyone remembers, avisynth was pretty cool back in the days. You could kind
of script video/audio manipulations, a bit like a UNIX/Linux pipe, but kind of
simpler, in my opinion. FFmpeg allows for many similar operations, but remembering
anything here is ... hard. I'd love for the whole usage API to become much simpler, but it seems nobody among the ffmpeg dev team is considering this. :(
I can't be the only one with that wish though ...
It does not diminish ffmpeg being so great in general, but I think it could be better.
Once I got over the -filter_complex is well, complex phobia, it isn't that bad. The command line makes it look daunting to be sure. But thinking of it as the name suggests of "filter chains" makes it less daunting. It is still cumbersome as every thing needs to be in the command.
Debugging commands gets hairy the more complex they get but you'll get muscle memory on how to search/replace to make line breaks to make it easier, similar to breaking up gnarly SQL. The worst part about debugging is the error messages can be misleading when it interprets the filter chain incorrectly because of some issue you've typoed in there somewhere. Even those start to become recognizable as "it thinks this, which means I probably messed up this other thing instead". To be fair, I work with ffmpeg daily using some commands that make your eyes bleed. So for someone using it every now and then, the practice from repetitive use just takes longer.
Also, saving things as shell scripts helps a lot. A simple script that does the same thing with a few adjustable params can be done with %1, %2 usage or even cleaner with getopts. You can then change small things within a tested complex command.
It won't always give you a perfect answer the first time, but it's much better than memorizing the manual or interpreting a forum discussion. Haven't used it for ffmpeg, but lots of other command lines.
One of the best open-source tools out there. I'm a frequent user of Plex, Jellyfin, Tunarr, local music files, etc. I use it weekly to extract subtitles, trim videos, convert music formats, and remove audio tracks. After writing the previous paragraph, I realized I've never donated to the project; it's time to change that.
It's a lower-level component in so much stuff we're not even aware of.
Yep. Which is a great architecture IMO. Simple, performant and flexible: choose 3
FFmpeg is a prime single-block-everything-is-built-on xkcd example.
The FATE regression test suite improvements are the part I'm most interested in here. FFmpeg's test coverage has historically been pretty sparse for edge cases — things like seeking in fragmented MP4s or specific codec interactions. More automated regression testing means fewer 'works on my machine' surprises when upgrading between versions in CI pipelines. The new filter graph syntax changes are going to break some scripts though; already saw a few people in the issue tracker hit the deprecated options.
Changelog:
ffprobe -codec option
EXIF Metadata Parsing
gfxcapture: Windows.Graphics.Capture based window/monitor capture
hxvs demuxer for HXVS/HXVT IP camera format
MPEG-H 3D Audio decoding via mpeghdec
D3D12 H.264 encoder
drawvg filter via libcairo
ffmpeg CLI tiled HEIF support
D3D12 AV1 encoder
ProRes Vulkan hwaccel
DPX Vulkan hwaccel
Rockchip H.264/HEVC hardware encoder
Add vf_scale_d3d12 filter
JPEG-XS parser
JPEG-XS decoder and encoder through libsvtjpegxs
JPEG-XS raw bitstream muxer and demuxer
IAMF Projection mode Ambisonic Audio Elements muxing and demuxing
Add vf_mestimate_d3d12 filter
xHE-AAC Mps212 decoding support (experimental)
Remove the old HLS protocol handler
Vulkan compute codec optimizations
swscale Vulkan support
LCEVC metadata bitstream filter
Add vf_deinterlace_d3d12 filter
ffprobe: only show refs field in stream section when reading frames
ProRes Vulkan encoder
LCEVC parser
LCEVC enhancement layer exporting in MPEG-TS
TIL: JPEG XS - an image and video codec that offers both visually and mathematically lossless quality for low latency implementations.
Additionally, JPEG XS compressed content is indistinguishable from the original uncompressed content.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_XS
I've had great results using JPEG-XS to transport video for colour grading in feature film & TV post production. At 3:1 or 4:1 compression ratio is effectively lossless.
It is patent-encumbered though, you have to pay license fees to deploy it.
Not royalty free, unfortunately.
Isn't the point of JPEG to have lossy compression for your photos that still looks fine? As opposed to something like PNG, which has lossless compression
"JPEG" is short for Joint Photographic Experts Group, an ISO/ITU group that creates a lot of imaging standards. The JPEG image format you're thinking of is only one of the formats they've created.
The Joint Photographic Experts Group manages many standards, generally each called "JPEG [something]". The one we most commonly call "JPEG" is just one of them.
Reading that it looks like the point of JPEG-XS is to have near-lossless compression for raw photo and video data while having extremely high throughput.
JPEG XS supports either near lossless or truly lossless encoding depending on encoder configuration.
> Additionally, JPEG XS compressed content is indistinguishable from the original uncompressed content.
It can be indistinguishable, as long as you stick with lossless or very low compression ratios. It falls apart at typical JPEG XL compression ratios.
We use JXS when latency is critical. Most h24/265 decodes will have a 10 frame glass-glass delay, JXS drops that to 3 or 4, at a cost of bandwidth (our UHD jxs streams are 1.5gbit rather than 200mbit for hevc)
Yeah, we've been deploying JPEG-XS for high bitrate streaming for a while.
A lot of our customers are moving their grading systems into data centres and streaming the images over IP back to their grading suites.
I've got it down to less than 1 frame for encode-transport-decode, but you've still got to copy the image to an SDI card and wait for that to clock out.
> gfxcapture: Windows.Graphics.Capture based window/monitor capture
> This source provides low overhead capture of application windows or entire monitors. The filter outputs hardware frames in d3d11 format; use hwdownload,format= if system memory frames are required.
This would strongly alter my plans if I were to develop an OSS Discord alternative. Chromium originally looked like a better core to start with largely due to its mature screen capture API. WebRTC is the other big thing, but there are other ways to do that. Native desktop apps (i.e., not browser based) are beginning to look much more compelling to me now.
If you were doing this, consider cribbing from https://github.com/obsproject/obs-studio/tree/master/plugins... which offers a variety of solutions including some rather exciting looking process injection (called "game" there).
I wonder if "entire chat app functions as OBS plugin" would work? Would solve the AV streaming side of the functionality.
You could always use Windows.Graphics.Capture directly.
Wait, are you https://www.gyan.dev/ffmpeg/builds/ ?
> Oh there's a new version of ffmpeg, I'll just quickly build it from source... no I can't wait I'll download the binary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kaIXkImCAM
I tend to build ffmpeg from source because package managers don't usually include support for patented codecs.
(Yes I know there are repos to get binaries for some, things like deb-multimedia.)
For anyone vaguely familiar with ffmpeg, don't sleep on this video. Quite funny, and everything from `yadif` (which I dealt with today!) to mkvtoolnix to "But then it will explode if you have an apostrophe in your file name. Because it doesn't understand that."
Building ffmpeg itself from source is actually quite easy.
The hardest part IMO is getting the necessary codecs to work; this can take a little while. If you know what audio and video codecs you want and need, and if you get them installed properly, then compiling ffmpeg is really simple and straightforward. It works almost always for me, and I have compiled ffmpeg from source for like +10 or even +15 years.
For reference purposes, my current configure options are:
Probably more codecs could be added, and some options may not be necessary anymore (I changed this last ... years ago, too), but this works for the most part fairly well.One focus I have is mostly on a few .mp4 files, and for these I think you kind of want x264 x265 and so forth (I think one more codec from google too or so). But it is really quite trivial once you are past the codecs step. You can also start simple with just a few codecs, e. g. one good audio codec and one good video codec. One reason I like to have ffmpeg support many codecs is so I can use mpv, which in itself is really awesome; I like it more than vlc, which is also ok though.
quite easy? like learning to draw an owl?
getting the stock ffmpeg to compile/build might be "easy", but once you start adding on additional codecs and other features that get you into dependency nightmares "easy" is not the word I would use. I have not been able to use the stock ffmpeg since forever. for example, i see no openssl enabled in your config. I see no freetype. I see you've disabled openjpeg. clearly, you and i use ffmpeg differently which just goes to show your "easy" is very misleading
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:How_to_draw_an_owl_m...
"fill in the rest of the details" is the politest way I've ever seen this, and it really lames it up.
emerge ffmpeg ;)
Khronos published a post on the Vulkan compute codecs in FFmpeg: https://www.khronos.org/blog/video-encoding-and-decoding-wit...
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47410271
Is there a 'HW' guide to show the expected performance of Vulkan compute codecs anywhere?
FFmpeg is really great. The only wish I'd have is for the usage to become simpler - both for regular stuff, but also for advanced filtering.
If anyone remembers, avisynth was pretty cool back in the days. You could kind of script video/audio manipulations, a bit like a UNIX/Linux pipe, but kind of simpler, in my opinion. FFmpeg allows for many similar operations, but remembering anything here is ... hard. I'd love for the whole usage API to become much simpler, but it seems nobody among the ffmpeg dev team is considering this. :(
I can't be the only one with that wish though ...
It does not diminish ffmpeg being so great in general, but I think it could be better.
Once I got over the -filter_complex is well, complex phobia, it isn't that bad. The command line makes it look daunting to be sure. But thinking of it as the name suggests of "filter chains" makes it less daunting. It is still cumbersome as every thing needs to be in the command.
Debugging commands gets hairy the more complex they get but you'll get muscle memory on how to search/replace to make line breaks to make it easier, similar to breaking up gnarly SQL. The worst part about debugging is the error messages can be misleading when it interprets the filter chain incorrectly because of some issue you've typoed in there somewhere. Even those start to become recognizable as "it thinks this, which means I probably messed up this other thing instead". To be fair, I work with ffmpeg daily using some commands that make your eyes bleed. So for someone using it every now and then, the practice from repetitive use just takes longer.
Also, saving things as shell scripts helps a lot. A simple script that does the same thing with a few adjustable params can be done with %1, %2 usage or even cleaner with getopts. You can then change small things within a tested complex command.
If you're just looking for an easier solution for encoding video ("regular stuff") then Handbrake is the go-to tool for that.
One of the best uses of LLMs is to help find the right command line options for tools like ffmpeg.
It won't always give you a perfect answer the first time, but it's much better than memorizing the manual or interpreting a forum discussion. Haven't used it for ffmpeg, but lots of other command lines.
Because ffmpeg is built on the Unix chained utility philosophy I find ai is also good at building scripts the use it as well
If there’s one thing I’ve entirely handed over to our AI overlords it’s the ffmpeg command line.
How much of this release was done by to corporate/big tech employees?
I have no idea how much they contribute back, but pretty much every (big) tech company that does any media transcoding uses ffmpeg.
I wouldn't get too excited about rockchip hw encoding. It's rkmpp based, not an upstream solution. You'd need Rockchip kernel for this, I guess.
It's still a big deal, you had to compile ffmpeg yourself before
nice job